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Fossil (sales) gases
Fossil (sales) gases are gaseous hydrocarbons produced from a buried reservoir through wells to the surface. They can be transported by pipeline, before or after processing, and are used as fuels and/or in the chemical industry.
Such hydrocarbons include all sales gases extracted from oil, oil and gas, and/or gas fields, as well as from dispersed reservoirs; all drilled shale gases from shale and other tight reservoirs; and gases emanating from coal beds.
Unsold vented, flared and re-injected gases in addition to gases used at the drilling, production and processing site are not included in sales gases.
Field gases (or conventional gases) - are defined as fossil hydrocarbon gases that have been, or will be, extracted through wells from an oil, wet gas, or oil and gas field made up of one or more porous and permeable reservoirs.
Gases are volumetrically measured at surface temperatures and pressures. After extraction of liquids they are sold for use as a direct energy source, or for conversion to Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) or electricity, or for use in the chemicals industry.
Coal bed methanes (CBM) - are defined as fossil hydrocarbon gases that have been, or will be, extracted from coal seams revealed in coal mining operations, through wells or by other means. The gases are volumetrically measured at surface temperatures and pressures.
Shale/tight gases (STGs) - are defined as gases that have been, or will be, extracted through wells, from tight (shales, as well as sandstones or carbonates), non-field, dispersed reservoirs before or after underground artificial fracturing.
Gas delivery
Pipeline sales gases - are defined as gases that have been, or will be, extracted from any type of reservoir, then delivered to the ultimate consumer by a pipeline network, before or after compression.
This does not include gases that are delivered to a Liquefied Natural Gas Plant for conversion to LNG.
Liquefied natural gases (LNG) - are defined as gases that have been, or will be, extracted from any type of reservoir. They are, in an onshore industrial plant or offshore in a floating processing plant (FLNG), condensed into a liquid to form LNG for storage in refrigerated conditions until re-gasified and used by a consumer.
Other criteria
Onshore production
Includes associated and free hydrocarbon gases from onshore wells, including those drilled in lakes, swamps and on piers, regardless of subsurface location.
Offshore production
Includes associated and free hydrocarbon gases from offshore wells, including those drilled from fixed platforms and artificial islands unconnected to the mainland.
Water depths
Very shallow waters
Areas of oil and/or gas output from reservoirs beneath marine waters from greater than 0m down to 100m.
Medium shallow waters
Areas of oil and/or gas output from reservoirs beneath marine waters from greater than 100m down to 500m.
Medium deep waters
Areas of oil and/or gas output from reservoirs beneath marine waters from greater than 500m down to 1000m.
Very deep waters
Areas of oil and/or gas output from reservoirs beneath marine water depths from greater than 1000m down to 2000m.
Ultra deep waters
Areas of oil and/or gas output from reservoirs beneath marine waters greater than 2000m.